Good Friday is a holiday mostly celebrated in many Christian Churches. It is a religious holiday commemorating the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and his death at Calvary. The holiday is observed during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum on the Friday preceding Easter Sunday, and may coincide with the Jewish observance of Passover.
The Gospels tell us that Jesus died on Passover, a feast Jewish law fixes to the fifteenth day of the month of Nisan. We know this was a Friday, as it was the day before the Sabbath (Mark 15:42).
This is noteworthy, because, biblically speaking, it’s just about the only precise date the New Testament gives us. Sure, we can calculate Easter, the Ascension, and Pentecost, but these are all ultimately pegged to the death of Christ on Good Friday. So when early Christians wanted to mark an annual holiday celebrating the central truths of their faith — the suffering and glory of their risen Lord, they actually knew what day to do it on. It’s not an invented date, nor is it determined in accommodation to agricultural or pagan festivals.
Because the sacrifice of Jesus through his crucifixion is commemorated on this day, the Divine Liturgy (the sacrifice of bread and wine) is never celebrated on Good Friday, except when this day coincides with the Great Feast of the Annunciation, which falls on the fixed date of 25 March (for those churches which follow the traditional Julian Calendar, 25 March currently falls on 7 April of the modern Gregorian Calendar). Also on Good Friday, the clergy no longer wear the purple or red that is customary throughout Lent, but instead don black vestments.
The faithful revisit the events of the day through public reading of specific Psalms and the Gospels, and singing hymns about Christ's death. Rich visual imagery and symbolism as well as stirring hymnody are remarkable elements of these observances. In the Orthodox understanding, the events of Holy Week are not simply an annual commemoration of past events, but the faithful actually participate in the death and resurrection of Jesus.
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